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Recognizing The Signs

Child maltreatment is a deeply rooted issue that continues to affect thousands of families across the nation, with a staggering impact both emotionally and economically. In Fresno County alone, over 15,000 children were alleged victims of abuse or neglect in a single year. Recognizing the signs of abuse is the first, critical step in protecting children and fostering healthier communities.

Understanding the Scope of the Problem

Child abuse is not always visible. In fact, about 90% of sexually abused children know and trust their abuser. Abuse spans across all demographics and occurs in environments where it is least expected. Alarmingly, 1 in 3 girls and 1 in 5 boys will be sexually abused before the age of 18. Substance abuse plays a significant role in these cases, with 66% of reported child maltreatment cases involving substance exposure.

Key Warning Signs of Abuse

 Adults working with or around children should be trained to recognize the four primary types of abuse:


1. Physical Abuse

  • Unexplained bruises, burns, or fractures

  • Fearfulness or flinching at sudden movements

  • Aggressive or withdrawn behavior


2. Sexual Abuse

  • Knowledge or interest in sexual acts inappropriate to their age

  • Difficulty walking or sitting

  • Avoidance of a specific person without a clear reason


3. Neglect

  • Poor hygiene, malnutrition, or inappropriate clothing

  • Frequent absences from school

  • Unattended medical needs


4. Emotional Abuse

  • Low self-esteem

  • Severe anxiety, depression, or withdrawal

  • Excessive need for affection or approval

blue ribbon on a white background against child abuse, and symbol in defense of education

Building a Safer Community

Preventing child abuse starts with awareness and community support. The Fresno Council on Child Abuse Prevention (FCCAP) is dedicated to coordinating services, offering educational training, and advocating for improved child protection strategies. Every effort—big or small—makes a difference.

How to Respond

If you suspect a child is being abused, do not stay silent. As a mandated reporter—or simply a concerned citizen—it’s your responsibility to act. The FCCAP offers Mandated Reporter training and a variety of educational programs to empower adults and children with knowledge and prevention strategies.

Three Keys Steps to Help :

  1. Educate yourself and others on child abuse and its impact.

  2. Advocate for policies and funding that prioritize child welfare.

  3. Donate time, money, or skills to prevention efforts.

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